Class Hydraulics II

The scope of the discipline covers: a) the application of the fundamental hydrostatics equation for immersed bodies in fluids at rest; (b) the application of the general hydrodinamic equation for flows.  The students should acquire the following skills: i) design of hydraulic systems and structures; ii) calculation of pressure forces on immersed bodies; iii) Knowledge of the global behavior of flows and iv) concept of energy and energy losses in flows under pressures and in free surface.

Not applicable

 1. Hydrostatics¿¿¿              Hydrostatic law for pressure              Absolute, relative and atmospheric pressures              Pressure gauges: manometers              Total pressure (impulsion) in immersed and floating bodies in fluids at rest Hydrostatic forces on plane surfaces              Hydrostatic forces on curved surfaces 2. Free surface flows              Uniform flows and velocity distribution in cross-sections: Simple cross-sectio, Closedcross-sectio, Equivalent roughnes, Compound channels Flow profiles with constant channel discharges Bernoulli equation for open channel flow Specific energy. Equation E=E(h) for Q = Q0. Critical, rapid and slow flow regime Equation h = h (Q) Water profiles for gradually varied unsteady flows 3. Flows under pressure               Types of steady flows               Local energy losses              Continuous energy losses               Flows discharge from pipes to atmosphere Design and calculation of water systems under pressure Submerged and free weirs

The teaching-learning methods will be based on the work developed in the classes, in the study and in the research / consultation of bibliography by the student. During the theoretical sessions, the teacher will present and discuss the programmatic contents, applying the knowledge acquired to concrete situations presented. In the practical sessions, students will be involved in the discussion / resolution of exercises or proposed problems, of experimental practical work, as well as being asked to work outside the room. At certain times, the student, individually or in groups, will be required to give an oral presentation of their work. Study visits are planned.

Lencastre, A., 2005. Hidráulica Geral, Edição do Autor, Portugal, ISBN: 789729585906. Quintela, A. C., 2009. Hidráulica, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisboa, Portugal, ISBN: 9789723107753. Novais-Barbosa, J, 1985. Mecânica dos Fluidos e Hidráulica Geral, 1º e 2º Volumes, Porto Editora, Porto, Portugal. Manzanares, A. A, 1979. Hidráulica Geral (I e II), Técnica, AEIST, Lisboa, Portugal.